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New Research: Do Armed Civilians Stop Active Shooters More Effectively Than Uniformed Police?

Apr 4, 2025 | Original Research

CPRC original research

We have a new research paper that I think is very important. Please download and read it here.

Abstract

The FBI tracks active shooting cases—where individuals attempt to kill people in public places, excluding those tied to robberies or gang violence. This study is the first to systematically compare how uniformed police and civilians with concealed handgun permits perform in stopping these attacks. Civilians with permits stopped the attacks more frequently and faced a lower risk of being killed or injured than police. Officers who intervened during the attacks were far more likely to be killed or injured than those who apprehended the attackers later.

John R. Lott, Jr. and Carl E. Moody, “Do Armed Civilians Stop Active Shooters More Effectively Than Uniformed Police?” Social Science Research Network, April 4, 2025.

johnrlott

2 Comments

  1. Jeff Klopotic
    Jeff Klopotic on April 5, 2025 at 9:09 AM

    Thank you. This subject of comparison of civilian to police success in armed encounters is most helpful as a point in the gun control (aka gun reform) debate.

    Keep them coming, please.

    Reply
    • Gary Slatter
      Gary Slatter on April 12, 2025 at 4:42 AM

      Thank you, John for all the great research you do. I always find it instructional and a very informative.

      Reply

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